Its been around forever. Pretty common knowledge in football,boxing and wrestling.
Assuming weight added is muscle, the formula has always been 5-7 lbs per inch of height. So sone slight variation.
This relates to strength. A common misconception by some people is that height makes you " bigger". Absolutely not true.
Lean muscle mass makes you bigger and stronger, not height. Just ask some of those 6'3" heavyweight boxers who were obliterated by 5'"11 Mike Tyson.
Athletically, too much height subtract from athleticism since you now have a higher center of gravity, which is a disadvantage when body leverage is in involved. Also balance. And we all know leverage and balance are major important factors in all sports, but especially those that involve contact like football,boxing,wrestling,martial arts,etc.
As for a source, lol, this has been known for many,many years so who the hell knows the original source.