I can't make this too complicated with how long the deal is, the guarantee, etc., so let's just go with the annual salary. Please go with a yes/no and feel free to add an explanation.
Trey Flowers
Is he worth $17.5M, roughly the current franchise tag for defensive ends? Not asking if they would franchise him, but the tag amount itself represents top-5 DE value.
Trent Brown
Is he worth $12.5M, roughly the reported amount the Patriots offered Nate Solder last year?
Jason McCourty
Is he worth $5.5M? He made $3M this year but will surely command more on the open market at this position.
Cordarrelle Patterson
Is he worth $5M, a little more than what he made the past two seasons? Undoubtedly other teams will be interested.
Stephen Gostkowski
Is he worth $4.5M? That's elite kicker range, and someone will pay it.
Phillip Dorsett
Is he worth $3M? He may be able to develop further and play a larger role.
Chris Hogan
Is he worth $3M? He is 30 and does not appear to be trending in the right direction.
Malcom Brown
Is he worth $3M? He has not lived up to expectations but is a contributor.
Eric Rowe
Is he worth $2.5M? He is a competent player at a competitive position, and his stock is low.
Ryan Allen
Is he worth $2.5M? He has been very good and probably commands top money at the position.
BONUS
Rob Gronkowski
Is he worth $12M if he decides to continue playing? Releasing him would only be a dead cap hit of $2M. Supposing they restructure his deal, is he worth $8M? What is he worth?
Dwayne Allen
Is he worth $4.5M? There is no dead cap hit from releasing him from his current salary at $7M, which is a likely move. They would need to restructure.
Julian Edelman
Julian Edelman forgets who he is, believes he is Antonio Brown, and texts Bill "pay up bro, or imma do me". Is he worth $8.5M for one year with incentives? He is currently at $5.5, a massive discount.
Danny Amendola
The Dolphins cut Danny Amendola. Is he worth $3M for another year?
Tom Brady
Giselle's career bombs and Tom's fitness program is investigated by the FDA...leaving him penniless and living on the streets. He demands $40M for 2019. Deal?
I see three big categories here.
First of all
the ones where the Pats want them back at their own number but it will be up to how the market develops:
On the higher end: Trey Flowers, Trent Brown
On the lower end: JMac, Patterson
I think JMac provides a veteran presence and has shown enough diversity to be part of next years team at a reasonable price.
Patterson is not worth more than 2.5-3m. He has 5-6 relevant snaps each game outside ST. If BB values his ST contributions a lot maybe it can push a bit higher into Ebner/Slater territory. But I have the feeling someone like the Ravens might give him a bigger contract than what we offer.
Then
the ones I expect back:
Gost, Ryan Allen, Phillip Dorsett
If you have a great kicker who just nailed the biggest kick of his life in the SB you don't let him leave and cross your fingers you can find someone as good just to save 1-2m. Having someone who can nail kickoffs and is dependable even from bigger ranges is worth that money. Just look at the attempts of other teams to draft a kicker as high as the second round failed miserably.
If we had stashed Bojorquez last year instead of the Bills grabbing him I might think differently about the punter but unless there is a gem in the draft I am not sure if there is a safe way to replace him. I would not be surprised if he gets an extension that can be walked away from in a year already. Just enough time for a smooth transition.
Dorsett seems to be making plays whenever he gets targeted but never could get over Hogan on the depth chart. I am not sure anyone will bend over backwards to sign him in FA so I think he might be available for a reasonable amount. He brings some youth in the WR group that is definitely needed.
And
finally the ones we say goodbye to:
Eric Rowe, Malcom Brown, Chris Hogan
Rowe would be buried so far down the depth chart really no point in keeping him. Unless he can be back for really cheap I dont think Brown is worth market money. Hogan had a nice run but really did not pop in his final year here.
In terms of your
bonus..
Dwayne Allen will either ask to be cut before FA starts or will sign a contract extension at some point in the offseason/preseason. But there is no way he will go into the regular season his current contract.
If Gronk comes back for 2019 I think he will play it out on his current contract. He will certainly not agree to a pay cut and with the potential for his retirement always in the air I am not sure the team would be particularly interested in extending him (unless the guarantees are low enough).
Edelman might get a small pay bump but lets keep in mind that the market for 33 year old WR is not particularly strong. So I am not sure he will get close to the 8.5m you suggest. More like around 7m (if at all that much).
If you have listened to the QuickSlants episode where Curran had the Krafts on I think it is pretty obvious that there are things in the work for a Brady extension. The really interesting question for me is whether they go with one year extensions or go back to the two year model.
And finally there is a space for Dola on the team if he is fine earning his usual rate. He is an ideal emergency option in case of injuries and on third downs. But it is all up to him if he wants to grind it out another year given that he already has 2 rings.