I'm obviously not a medical doctor either, but he could be just fine if the bullet simply grazed him. Of course there are lots of variables such as caliber of gun, whether it was deflected or slowed down by anything else first, "how" specifically he actually got shot, and location of injuries.
The fact that he was driven in his own car and reportedly traveled nearly 8 miles to get to the hospital should tell us all we need to know regarding the severity of the incident, as well as the fact that he barely spent any time in the hospital. In other words, Talib may have gotten lucky. It's certainly possible.