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This has always been the overlooked issue that I harp about!
One NFL employee tested one of the footballs (the intercepted ball) not once but three different times, using the same pressure gauge, and obtained these values: 11.45, 11.35 and 11.75 psi. Note that the range in the three measurements is 0.4 psi.
I ask you, is 11.35 different from 11.75? In this context, obviously not, since they are both measurements that were made on the same football by the same person! There is clearly some inherent variability / error in the measuring air pressure in a football. The “error bar” for a pressure gauge reading was quite high, by these particular people using these same gauges, and it was at least 0.4 psi!
Apply this error bar concept to the Patriots footballs that were measured at halftime (one time each, with any particular gauge) and anyone with half a brain will spot the problem. Let’s even accept the Wells argument that only the readings made by using the gauge that the refs thought to be irrelevant (but was the one that would make the Patriots look most suspicious) should be considered.
A pressure drop of “1.39 plus or minus 0.4” is, in fact, not different at all from “1.18 plus or minus 0.4”.
It is not high-level physics. It is not based upon a complicated theoretical abstraction. It is the result of applying plain common sense!
I wish I'd written this post which describes simply & clearly what I meant by "error bars" in the measurements.